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SQL Server must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish the sources (origins) of the events.
Overview
| Finding ID | Version | Rule ID | IA Controls | Severity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| V-41030 | SQL2-00-012100 | SV-53405r1_rule | Medium |
| Description |
|---|
| Information system auditing capability is critical for accurate forensic analysis. Audit record content that may be necessary to satisfy the requirement of this control includes, but is not limited to: time stamps, source and destination addresses, user/process identifiers, event descriptions, success/fail indications, file names involved, and access control or flow control rules invoked. SQL Server is capable of a range of actions on data stored within the database. It is important, for accurate forensic analysis, to know exactly who performed what actions. This requires specific information regarding the source of the event an audit record is referring to. If the source of the event information is not recorded and stored with the audit record, the record itself is of very limited use. The source of the event can be a user account and sometimes a system account when timed jobs are run. Without information establishing the source of activity, the value of audit records from a forensics perspective is questionable. If auditing is enabled, SQL Server does capture the source of the event-specific information in all audit records. |
| STIG | Date |
|---|---|
| Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Database Instance Security Technical Implementation Guide | 2014-01-17 |
Details
| Check Text ( C-47647r2_chk ) |
|---|
| Check to see that all required events are being audited. From the query prompt: SELECT DISTINCT traceid FROM ::FN_TRACE_GETINFO('0') All currently defined traces for the SQL server instance will be listed. If no traces are returned, this is a finding. Determine the trace being used for the auditing requirement. Replace # with a traceid being used for the auditing requirements. From the query prompt: SELECT DISTINCT(eventid) FROM ::FN_TRACE_GETEVENTINFO('#') The required eventids 14, 15, 18, 20, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 115, 116, 117, 118, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 152, 153, 170, 171, 172, 173, 175, 176, 177 and 178 should be listed. If any of the audit events or eventids required above are not listed, this is finding. |
| Fix Text (F-46329r2_fix) |
|---|
| Create and start an audit trace that audits required events. CREATE PROCEDURE fso_audit AS -- Create a Queue DECLARE @rc INT DECLARE @TraceID INT DECLARE @maxfilesize BIGINT DECLARE @fso_audit_log NVARCHAR(128) SET @maxfilesize = 5 -- Define custom @fso_audit_log to path\filename SET @fso_audit_log = 'd:\sqlserver\audit\fsoauditlog.log' EXEC @rc = SP_TRACE_CREATE @TraceID output, 6, @fso_audit_log, @maxfilesize, NULL IF (@rc != 0) GOTO Error -- Client side File and Table cannot be scripted. -- Set the events: DECLARE @on BIT SET @on = 1 -- Logins are audited based on SQL Server instance -- setting Audit Level stored in registry -- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.[#] \MSSQLServer\AuditLevel -- Audit Login -- Occurs when a user successfully logs in to SQL Server. EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 1, @on -- TextData EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 6, @on -- NTUserName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 7, @on -- NTDomainName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 8, @on -- HostName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 10, @on -- ApplicationName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 11, @on -- LoginName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 12, @on -- SPID EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 14, @on -- StartTime EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 23, @on -- Success EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 26, @on -- ServerName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 35, @on -- DatabaseName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 41, @on -- LoginSid EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 60, @on -- IsSystem EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 14, 64, @on -- SessionLoginName -- Audit Logout -- Occurs when a user logs out of SQL Server. EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 6, @on -- NTUserName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 7, @on -- NTDomainName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 8, @on -- HostName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 10, @on -- ApplicationName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 11, @on -- LoginName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 12, @on -- SPID EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 13, @on -- Duration EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 14, @on -- StartTime EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 15, @on -- EndTime EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 23, @on -- Success EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 26, @on -- ServerName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 35, @on -- DatabaseName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 41, @on -- LoginSid EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 60, @on -- IsSystem EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 15, 64, @on -- SessionLoginName -- Audit Server Starts and Stops -- Occurs when the SQL Server service state is modified. EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 6, @on -- NTUserName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 7, @on -- NTDomainName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 8, @on -- HostName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 10, @on -- ApplicationName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 11, @on -- LoginName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 12, @on -- SPID EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 14, @on -- StartTime EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 23, @on -- Success EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 26, @on -- ServerName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 41, @on -- LoginSid EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 60, @on -- IsSystem EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 18, 64, @on -- SessionLoginName -- Audit Login Failed -- Indicates that a login attempt to SQL Server from a client failed. EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 20, 1, @on -- TextData EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 20, 6, @on -- NTUserName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 20, 7, @on -- NTDomainName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 20, 8, @on -- HostName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 20, 10, @on -- ApplicationName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 20, 11, @on -- LoginName EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 20, 12, @on -- SPID EXEC SP_TRACE_SETEVENT @TraceID, 20, 14, @on -- StartTime EXEC SP_TRACE_SET |